Inferential Statistics

Sample Errors occur when there is a difference between a sample and it’s population
No two samples will be identical in all their chrarcteristics.
Distribution of sample means - if enough, you can predict for the larger population
Statistically significant

Standard Error of the Mean

68-95-99.7 rule
Hypothesis Testing

Hypothesis testing
Research hypothesis is
Null hypothesis is that there is nothing there One Tail test - Predicting a positive or negative result. Two tail test Predicting a If probability is small, reject the null hypothesis If the probably is large, do not rejec tthe null hypothesis
One’s results are likely to occur
Statistical significance
“Statistical significance means that one’s results are likely to occur by chance less than a certain percentage of the time.”
Statistical significance and practical significance are not necessarily the same since a result of statistical significance does not mean that it is practically significant in an educational sense.
Type One vs. Type Two Errors
A null hypothesis predicts no relationship.
- A Type two error results when the researcher fails to reject a null hypothesis that is false.
- A Type one error results when the researcher rejects a null hypothesis when it is true.